EFFECT OF COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING AND SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL THERAPIES ON BLINDISM BEHAVIOUR OF STUDENTS WITH BLINDNESS IN OYO STATE
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of cognitive restructuring and self instructional therapies on blindism behavior among students with blindness in Oyo State, Nigeria. A pretest and posttest quasi experimental research design was employed, with participants selected through purposive sampling. Sixty students with blindness were screened using the Snellen Chart and assigned to three groups. Cognitive restructuring group consisted of 20 participants, self instructional therapy group had 20 participants, and the control group also had 20 participants. Data were collected using an adapted Blindism Scale. The intervention lasted ten weeks, and data analysis was conducted using Analysis of Covariance and the Scheffé post hoc test at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings indicated a significant effect of cognitive restructuring on blindism behavior among students with blindness. Self instructional therapy also produced a significant reduction in blindism behavior. However, no significant interaction effect was found between the two therapies. Similarly, gender did not significantly interact with either therapy independently. A significant interaction effect was observed between treatment and gender on blindism behavior.The study concluded that both cognitive restructuring and self instructional therapies are effective in reducing blindism among students with blindness. It recommended training special educators, therapists, and caregivers in these therapeutic approaches, adopting student centered teaching methods, and fostering collaboration among educators, psychologists, and parents to enhance behavioral outcomes.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Abodunrin, S. A., & Abodunrin, O. (2020). Covid-19 and social distancing: Challenges faced by persons with visual impairment in South-West Nigeria. Global Journal of Applied Management and Social Sciences, 19, 107–113.
Albert, B. (2020). Cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Center. https://cogbtherapy.com/cognitive-restructuring-in-cbt
Anyichie, A. C., & Onyedike, C. C. (2012). Effects of self-instructional learning strategy on secondary school students’ academic achievement in solving mathematical word problems in Nigeria. African Research Review, 6(4), 302–323.
Assam, A. E., & Abodunrin, S. A. (2023). Cognitive behavioural and systemic therapies on school adjustment of students with visual impairment in Cross River State, Nigeria. Sapientia Foundation Journal of Education, Sciences and Gender Studies, 5(2), 299–310.
Cahaya, D. D., & Subagya, M. A. (2021). Reducing blindism behavior with self-management technique for blind students at SLB-A YKAB Surakarta. Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies, 8(2), 489–498.
Clark, D. A. (2013). General strategies. In Cognitive behavior therapy. Wiley Online Library. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/9781118528563.wbcbt02
Collin, D. M. (2019). Cognitive behavioral group therapy for blind and visually impaired adults: Acceptance, problem solving, and cognitive distortions (Doctoral dissertation, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine). https://digitalcommons.pcom.edu/psychology_dissertations/1527
Donald, M. (2024). Self-instructional technique in cognitive behaviour modification. Interventions in Counseling. https://psychology.town/counselling-interventions/self-instructional-technique-cognitive-behaviour-modification/
Eleanor, T. R. (n.d.). Counseling students with vision impairments: Developing the counseling experience. Trinity University. https://www.trinity.edu/sites/students-vision-hearing-loss/vision-impairment/counseling
Fazzi, E., Micheletti, S., Galli, J., Rossi, A., Gitti, F., & Molinaro, A. (2019). Autism in children with cerebral and peripheral visual impairment: Fact or artifact? Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, 31, 57–67.
Justin, M. H. (2020). Habit formation in the adjustment to blindness. Journal of Blindness Innovation and Research, 10(2). https://nfb.org/images/nfb/publications/jbir/jbir20/jbir100205.html
Kaidbay, R. L. (2025). Understanding the core principles and techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy: Part II. Society for the Advancement of Psychotherapy. https://societyforpsychotherapy.org/understanding-the-core-principles-and-techniques-of-cognitive-behavioral-therapy-part-ii/
Margaret, R., & Susan, M. C. (2023). Visual autism. Children, 10(4), 606. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/4/606
Mettler, R. (2008). Cognitive learning theory and cane travel instruction: A new paradigm (2nd ed.). Nebraska Commission for the Blind and Visually Impaired.
Mohammad, A., Donni, P., Supriyadi, S., & Intan, N. (2022). Blindism behavior of visually impaired children that hinder the learning process in school. In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Learning Innovation and Quality Education (pp. 1–4). https://doi.org/10.1145/3516875.3516953
Molinaro, A., Micheletti, S., Rossi, A., Gitti, F., Galli, J., Merabet, L. B., & Fazzi, E. M. (2020). Autistic-like features in visually impaired children: A review of literature and directions for future research. Brain Sciences, 10(8), 507. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10080507
Montague, M. (2014). Self-regulation strategies to improve mathematical problem solving for students with learning disabilities. Learning Disabilities Quarterly, 37(1), 44–57.
Rebecca, J. S. (2023). How to change negative thinking with cognitive restructuring. Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/cognitive-restructuring
Robert, R. R., & Marcia, R. (2012). Self-regulation among students with LD and ADHD. In Encyclopedia of Human Behavior. https://edurev.in/t/269324/Self-Instructional-Learning-Meaning-And-Significance
Rukevwe, A. S. (2022). Effects of self-instruction and guided inquiry teaching strategies on secondary school physics students’ achievement. Rivers State University Journal of Education, 25(1), 156–165.
Sarah, E. I., & Jennifer, R. L. (2021). A systematic review of behavioral interventions to reduce restricted or repetitive behavior of individuals with visual impairment. Journal of Behavioral Education, 31, 94–122. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10864-020-09418-x
Wikipedia. (2025). Blindism. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blindism
Zandi, A., & Moradi, O. (2016). The effectiveness of cognitive-behavioural therapy on procrastination and academic achievement in secondary school students. International Journal of Psychology and Social Psychology Sciences, 2(1), 29–35. https://www.sciarena.com
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adebayo Francis Komolafe, Rilwan Abolaji Babalola
ISSN (PRINT): 2734 - 2522
ISSN (ONLINE): 2734 - 2514
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.